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Organic chemicals and inorganic chemicals are primarily distinguished by their structure and abundance. Organic chemicals are typically characterized by the presence of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds and often include compounds like hydrocarbons and functional groups that are crucial for biological processes. This foundational role in life and biological systems makes organic compounds abundant in nature.

Inorganic chemicals, on the other hand, generally do not contain C-H bonds and encompass a wide range of substances, including minerals, metals, and salts. Their structure is often less complex than that of organic compounds, allowing inorganic chemicals to form simpler ions and compounds.

The abundance of organic versus inorganic compounds can also be observed: organic compounds are more prevalent in living organisms, while inorganic compounds are more commonly found in non-living systems. Therefore, the distinction regarding structure and abundance provides a clear framework for understanding the differences between these two categories of chemicals.